Summary

In this lab, students will conduct a chemical reaction that will be used to launch a rocket.

Grade Level

Elementary school

Objectives

By the end of this lab, students should

• understand that mixing certain chemicals causes a reaction.
• be aware of the law of conservation of matter.
• be able to describe gas pressure and connect it to their observations in the experiment.
• be able to discuss Newton’s Third Law of Motion ("Action-Reaction").

Chemistry Topics

• Chemical reactions
• Gas pressure

Time

Teacher Preparation: 20 minutes

Lesson: 45 minutes

Materials

• one plastic film canister for each student
• 1-2 Alka-Seltzer tablet for each student
• warm water to fill the canisters half full for each rocket
• paper, 6” by 6”
• tape, scissors, crayons to make your paper ‘rocket’

Safety

• Always wear safety goggles when handling chemicals in the lab.
• Students should wash their hands thoroughly before leaving the lab.
• When students complete the lab, instruct them how to clean up their materials and dispose of any chemicals.
• Students should move away from the rocket, once the Alka-Seltzer tablet has been added and the film canister is sealed.

Teacher Notes

• This DUCKSTERS site explains chemical reactions.
• The type of film canister that has a lid that fits INSIDE the canister, rather than one that snaps on the outside of the rim works best. You can ask stores, but it is easiest to order them from online, from a store such as Amazon. The white/clear canisters work best!
• Generic "Alka-Seltzer" works as well as name brand.
• You may want to talk about the difference between this rocket experiment and real rockets. The idea that pressure from the gas exerts a force is true, but in the case of rockets, it’s a bigger, more dangerous reaction that emits the gas, allowing the rocket to launch.
• The weight of the paper used to make the rocket will have an effect on how high it goes. I don’t recommend using heavy scrapbook paper.
• Using colored printer paper will save time over allowing the students to color. Students may tend to put a lot of effort into the coloring that may be destroyed on the first attempt if it gets too wet.
• We found the highest height & best result was achieved when we used 1 teaspoon of water and 1/2 of an Alka-Seltzer tablet, but you could let the students experiment themselves to see what happens when you adjust the ratios. They could then record their findings.
• I would adjust the amount of Alka-Seltzer for younger children to only ¼ of a tablet. The reaction time is a little longer and the pressure is not as strong.
• Depending on the age and ability level of the students, the analysis questions can be done together, as a class discussion.
• Allowing the students to design their own experiment to try to make the rocket travel higher would be a fun challenge and could become a contest within the class. Allow all students access to the same amounts of materials. If students do not think of changing variables such as , temperature of water, amount of water, amount of Alka-Seltzer, surface area of Alka-Seltzer, etc., you could suggest these changes
  

Cross-Disciplinary Extensions

Connect to Reading

Extend the lesson with reading about Isaac Newton and the Laws of Motion. Who was Isaac Newton? by Janet Pascal, with illustrations by Tim Foley and Nancy Harrison.

Connect to Writing

Write a “How To” paragraph on how to make the rocket, in their own words, followed by a paragraph explaining the science behind it. Include a picture of their project.