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  Conductivity, Observations, Electricity | Middle School

  Demonstration: Getting Charged Mark as Favorite (0 Favorites)

  In this demonstration, students will make predictions and then observe how conductivity is measured in several electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solutions. A short discussion about electrolytes, ions, ionic compounds, and galvanic cells will follow.

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  Precipitate, Solubility, Solubility Rules, Ionic Bonding, Naming Compounds | High School

  Activity: Game Activity: Precipitation Reactions Game Mark as Favorite (2 Favorites)

  In this game, students will explore the concepts of solubility and precipitation reactions. The game contains three difficulty levels – introductory, standard, and mastery – in which students will have to fulfill specific victory conditions for a series of scenarios. Victory conditions include selecting compounds to form a particular precipitate, using the proper ratio of reactants, and correctly identifying what precipitate will form from a collection of ions using a solubility chart. Bonus questions include naming compounds and identifying spectator ions.

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  Precipitate, Solubility, Solubility Rules, Molecules & Bonding, Ionic Bonding, Naming Compounds | High School

  Game: Precipitation Reactions Game Mark as Favorite (13 Favorites)

  In this game, students explore the concepts of solubility and precipitation reactions. The game contains three difficulty levels – introductory, standard, and mastery. Bonus questions include naming compounds and identifying spectator ions.

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  Chemistry Basics, Identifying an Unknown, Solubility, States of Matter, Melting Point, Phase Changes | High School

  Simulation: Safety Data Sheets Mark as Favorite (7 Favorites)

  Students learn about sections of a safety data sheet (SDS) and how the information can be used for safety purposes and for identifying unknowns. They will use the Physical and Chemical Properties section and particle diagrams to distinguish between substances with similar appearances in a variety of lab-based scenarios.

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  Chemistry Basics, Identifying an Unknown, Solubility, States of Matter, Melting Point, Phase Changes, Acids & Bases, pH, Strong vs Weak, Observations, Molecular Motion | High School

  Activity: Simulation Activity: Identifying Unknowns with Safety Data Sheets Mark as Favorite (8 Favorites)

  In this activity, students will use a simulation to learn about some of the sections of a safety data sheet (SDS) and how the information on SDSs can be used not only for safety purposes but also for identifying unknowns. Specifically, students will use “Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties” to distinguish between two or three substances with similar appearances in a variety of lab-based scenarios. Particle diagrams are also included to help students visualize the substances’ behavior on a particulate level.

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  Concentration, Solute & Solvent | High School

  Activity: Why Does Concentration Matter? Mark as Favorite (1 Favorite)

  In this activity, students will analyze a drinking water quality report from Washington, D.C. or from their city. Students will apply their knowledge of solutions and concentration in order to answer a series of questions using real-world data.

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  Concentration, Titrations, Indicators, Equivalence Point, Chemical Change, Accuracy, Error Analysis, Chemical Change | Middle School, High School

  Lesson Plan: Comparison of Vitamin C in Juice Drinks Mark as Favorite (9 Favorites)

  In this lesson, students will use a color-changing indicator called indophenol and a simplified titration method to determine if vitamin C is present in a variety of store-bought juices. The indicator solution will turn from dark blue to colorless once all the indophenol has reacted with vitamin C in the juices. Students will count how many drops of juice it takes to produce this color change in a 5-mL sample of indicator solution. The greater number of drops it takes to cause the color change, the less vitamin C is present in each drop. They will use their data to compare the relative amounts of vitamin C in the juices to a solution prepared from a vitamin C tablet.

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  Chemistry Basics, Physical Properties, Physical Change, Observations, Identifying an Unknown, Lab Safety, Molecules & Bonding, Covalent Bonding, Ionic Bonding, Intermolecular Forces, Molecular Motion, Conductivity, States of Matter, Melting Point, Intermolecular Forces, Molecular Motion | High School

  Activity: Animation Activity: Physical Properties and Particle Interaction Mark as Favorite (11 Favorites)

  In this activity, students will view an animation that explores the relationship between physical properties and particle-level interactions. Particle diagrams of common household substances are used to illustrate that forces of attraction influence melting points. Similarly, particle diagrams of the same substances dissolved in water are used to compare their conductivity in solution.

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  Titrations, Indicators, Accuracy, Dimensional Analysis, Error Analysis, Measurements, Significant Figures, Concentration, Redox Reaction, Reduction, Oxidation | High School

  Lesson Plan: Vitamin C Quality Control Mark as Favorite (11 Favorites)

  In this lesson, students will learn about a career in the skilled technical workforce, develop skills utilized in a quality control lab, and obtain data that may not have a clear “right answer.” For example, though many over-the-counter medications and vitamins state the amount of active ingredient, any individual tablet may have between 97 to 103% of the stated label claim. In addition, any products past the expiry date may have less due to potential decomposition. Students practice scientific communication by reporting their findings in a professional manner.

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  Solubility, Solubility Rules, Concentration, Molarity, Reactions & Stoichiometry, Stoichiometry | High School

  Lab: The Gravimetric Analysis of Lead in Contaminated Water Mark as Favorite (26 Favorites)

  In this lab, students will perform a gravimetric analysis of a simulated water sample contaminated with “lead”. Using their knowledge of solubility and chemical reactions they will precipitate the “lead” from the water sample. Then from the data collected, they will calculate the concentration of “lead” in their samples and compare that value to those found in water samples from the Flint, Michigan water crisis.

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  Solubility, Net Ionic Equation, Precipitate | High School

  Activity: Corrosion and Precipitation Mark as Favorite (6 Favorites)

  In this activity, students will investigate concepts of corrosion and redox as they consider the Flint, Michigan Water Crisis and the question, “How did the lead get into Flint’s drinking water?” As they explore these topics while also considering solubility, students will begin to understand how corrosion control is used to prevent lead from contaminating a drinking water supply.

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  Concentration, Solubility, Molarity, Chemistry Basics, Graphing | High School

  Activity: Concentration and Solubility Mark as Favorite (22 Favorites)

  In this activity, students will use news articles and EPA publications to compare Federal drinking water regulations to the concentrations found in Flint, Michigan. Students are introduced to the unit parts per billion (ppb) and compare it both conceptually and mathematically to molarity. As a group, students use data to compare the solubility of various lead salts and perform solubility calculations.

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  Solubility, pH | High School

  Lesson Plan: Investigating Ocean and Marine Algae Mark as Favorite (7 Favorites)

  In this lesson, students will learn about coccolithophores, unicellular marine algae that inhabit the upper layer of the ocean. These phytoplankton form calcium carbonate, calcite, scales called coccoliths and are the biggest calcite producers in the ocean. First, students will observe photos of algal blooms of different types and analyze the photos for similarities and differences. Next, students will be introduced to types of marine algae including coccolithophores and to how ocean pH changes are impacting the availability of carbonate for use in the formation of calcite shells and coccoliths. Students will then plan and carry out a small-scale laboratory to investigate the relationship between the solubility of calcium carbonate and pH. To conclude, students will read an abstract of recent research into coccolithophores and ocean acidification and compare and contrast those findings with their own investigation’s results.

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  Solubility, Observations | Elementary School, Middle School

  Activity: Paper Flower Blossoms Mark as Favorite (3 Favorites)

  In this activity, students will investigate solubility by using a combination of washable markers and permanent ink to color a paper flower. The petals of the flower will be folded, and then placed in a shallow dish of water. Students will be intrigued by the outcome as they observe several changes occur. Using their knowledge of several fundamental chemistry topics, student will explain their observations using evidence and modeling.

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  Observations, Physical Properties, Solubility, Ionic Bonding | High School, Middle School

  Lab: Microscopic Wonder Mark as Favorite (19 Favorites)

  In this lab, students observe and describe the shape, size, and arrangement of salt crystals at various magnifications under a microscope and then compare the properties of each microscopically.

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  Concentration, Precipitate, Molarity, Molality, Conductivity, Colligative Properties, Boiling Point Elevation, Freezing Point Depression, Distillation, Culminating Project, Graphing, Accuracy, Error Analysis, Interdisciplinary, Mixtures, pH, Buffers, Boiling Point, Freezing Point, Phase Changes | High School

  Lesson Plan: Investigating Sea Water Mark as Favorite (21 Favorites)

  In this lesson, students will consider their water footprint and means to obtain fresh water from seawater using a solar still. To understand the differences between fresh water and seawater, students will determine the composition of artificial seawater by using qualitative analysis to test for different ions in solution and calculate the molarity of different salts used in the recipe. Students will observe the effects of solutes in aqueous solutions by measuring conductivity and the freezing and boiling points of seawater and deionized water and determine total dissolved solids. In addition, students explore the buffering ability of seawater and the effect of carbon dioxide on its pH.

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  Identifying an Unknown, Chemical Properties, Solute & Solvent, Mixtures | Middle School, High School

  Lab: Local Water Analysis Mark as Favorite (19 Favorites)

  In this lab, students use simple pool test strips to collect water samples from local water sources, such as area faucets, pools, lakes, rivers, puddles, etc. They will compile all of the collected data to allow students to collectively make observations and ask testable questions. After determining a question of interest, groups of students will organize the related data, research relevant background information, form reasonable conclusions, and present their arguments.

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  Solubility, Solubility Rules, Solute & Solvent, Intermolecular Forces, Chemical Bond, Ionic Bonding, Covalent Bonding, Polarity, Intermolecular Forces, Intramolecular Forces | Middle School, High School

  Activity: Animation Activity: Solubility Mark as Favorite (17 Favorites)

  In this activity, students will view an animation that explores how ionic and molecular compounds dissolve (or don’t) in water. They will see that if an ionic compound such as salt dissolves, the ions dissociate, whereas the molecules in a molecular compound such as sugar remain intact but are separated from one another by water molecules. They will also see that some ionic compounds such as chalk do not dissolve, and the cations and anions remain stuck together.

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  Net Ionic Equation, Precipitate, Solubility, Solubility Rules, Balancing Equations | High School

  Activity: Animation Activity: Net Ionic Equations Mark as Favorite (12 Favorites)

  In this activity, students will view an animation that explores what happens in a precipitate reaction on the particulate level. They will see why writing a net ionic equation accurately represents what happens in these scenarios. An example of diluting a soluble solid, mixing two aqueous reactants that yield aqueous products, and mixing two aqueous reactants that yield a precipitate are part of this animation.

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  Colligative Properties, Boiling Point Elevation, Freezing Point Depression, Concentration, Solute & Solvent, Boiling Point, Freezing Point, Phase Changes, Molecular Motion, Graphing, Physical Properties, Heat, Temperature | Middle School, High School

  Activity: Simulation Activity: The Effect of Solutes on Boiling and Freezing Point Mark as Favorite (31 Favorites)

  In this activity, students will use a colligative properties simulation to investigate the effects of different solutes, and different amounts of those solutes, on the boiling point and freezing point of a solution. Students will see particle-level animations of boiling and freezing with different types and amounts of solutes, as well as graphical representations of the results of each trial.

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  Colligative Properties, Boiling Point Elevation, Freezing Point Depression, Concentration, Solute & Solvent, Boiling Point, Freezing Point, Phase Changes, Molecular Motion, Graphing, Physical Properties, Heat, Temperature | High School

  Simulation: Colligative Properties Mark as Favorite (24 Favorites)

  In this simulation, students will investigate the effects of different solutes, and different amounts of those solutes, on the boiling point and freezing point of a solution. Students will see particle-level animations of boiling and freezing with different types and amounts of solutes, as well as graphical representations of the results of each trial.

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  Interdisciplinary, History, Solubility, Concentration | High School

  Lesson Plan: Legacy of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring Mark as Favorite (15 Favorites)

  In this lesson, students will read an article to learn about the impact Rachel Carson’s book Silent Spring has had. Arguably, the U.S. EPA was formed as a result, and a Nobel Prize-worthy discovery was banned after the book was published. There are a series of activities to help promote literacy in the science classroom related to the reading. This lesson could be easily used as plans for a substitute teacher since most of the activities are self-guided.

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  Precipitate, Solubility, Solubility Rules, Predicting Products | High School

  Lesson Plan: Investigating Precipitate Formation Mark as Favorite (23 Favorites)

  In this lesson, students will learn about lead and the contamination of drinking water. Through collaboration, students will then consider strategies for decontaminating water, and have the opportunity to perform small-scale precipitation reactions as a method of extracting metal ions from a water sample. Finally, students can conduct research and reflect on their experience to propose a possible solution for decontaminating drinking water.

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  Reaction Rate, Concentration, Reaction Rate | High School

  Lab: How Fast Can We Remove Tough Stains? Mark as Favorite (49 Favorites)

  In this lab, students explore how temperature and concentration can affect reaction rate. Using various mixtures of OxiClean solutions, blue food coloring, and water students conduct several tests and draw conclusions based on their results.

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  Identifying an Unknown, Observations, Physical Change, Physical Properties, Chemical Change, Chemical Properties, Solubility, Precipitate, Indicators | High School

  Lab: Using Qualitative Analysis to Identify Household Compounds Mark as Favorite (58 Favorites)

  In this lab, students will be introduced to common laboratory techniques, safety procedures, lab reagents, and terminology, all while identifying unknown household substances. Students will learn how to use qualitative analysis techniques as a systematic way to identify unknown materials. As part of this process, they will practice careful observation and documentation, as well as identifying relevant physical and chemical properties and changes, including solubility, color change, gas formation, and precipitation of solids.